1 Tsarin ciki na firintar laser
Tsarin ciki na na'urar firintar laser ya ƙunshi manyan sassa huɗu, kamar yadda aka nuna a Hoto na 2-13.
Hoto na 2-13 Tsarin ciki na firintar laser
(1) Na'urar Laser: tana fitar da hasken laser tare da bayanan rubutu don fallasa ganga mai saurin ɗaukar hoto.
(2) Sashen Ciyar da Takarda: sarrafa takardar don shigar da firinta a lokacin da ya dace kuma fita daga firintar.
(3) Sashen Ci Gaba: Rufe ɓangaren da aka fallasa na ganga mai saurin ɗaukar hoto da toner don samar da hoto wanda ido zai iya gani, sannan a mayar da shi saman takardar.
(4) Na'urar Gyara: An narke toner ɗin da ya rufe saman takardar kuma an dage shi sosai a kan takardar ta amfani da matsi da dumama.
2 Ka'idar aiki na firintar Laser
Firintar Laser na'urar fitarwa ce da ke haɗa fasahar duba laser da fasahar daukar hoto ta lantarki. Firintar Laser tana da ayyuka daban-daban saboda samfura daban-daban, amma tsarin aiki da ƙa'idar iri ɗaya ne.
Idan aka yi la'akari da firintocin laser na HP na yau da kullun, tsarin aiki kamar haka.
(1) Lokacin da mai amfani ya aika umarnin bugawa zuwa firinta ta hanyar tsarin aiki na kwamfuta, bayanan zane da za a buga za a fara canza su zuwa bayanai na binary ta hanyar direban firinta, sannan a ƙarshe a aika su zuwa babban allon sarrafawa.
(2) Babban allon sarrafawa yana karɓa kuma yana fassara bayanan binary da direban ya aiko, yana daidaita shi zuwa hasken laser, kuma yana sarrafa ɓangaren laser don fitar da haske bisa ga wannan bayanin. A lokaci guda, na'urar caji tana cajin saman ganga mai saurin daukar hoto. Sannan ɓangaren na'urar daukar hoto ta laser yana samar da hasken laser mai ɗauke da bayanai na hoto don fallasa ganga mai saurin daukar hoto. Ana samar da hoton lantarki mai ɓoye a saman ganga mai saurin daukar hoto bayan an fallasa shi.
(3) Bayan da harsashin toner ya taɓa tsarin haɓakawa, hoton da ke ɓoye ya zama zane-zanen da ake iya gani. Lokacin da ake wucewa ta tsarin canja wurin, ana canja wurin toner ɗin zuwa takarda a ƙarƙashin tasirin filin lantarki na na'urar canja wurin.
(4) Bayan an kammala canja wurin, takardar za ta taɓa sawtooth mai fitar da wutar lantarki, sannan ta fitar da cajin da ke kan takardar zuwa ƙasa. A ƙarshe, ta shiga tsarin gyara yanayin zafi mai yawa, kuma zane-zane da rubutun da toner ya samar za a haɗa su cikin takardar.
(5) Bayan an buga bayanan zane, na'urar tsaftacewa tana cire toner ɗin da ba a canja shi ba, sannan ta shiga zagayen aiki na gaba.
Duk hanyoyin aiki da ke sama suna buƙatar bin matakai bakwai: caji, fallasawa, haɓakawa, canja wuri, kawar da wutar lantarki, gyarawa, da tsaftacewa.
1>. Caji
Domin a sa toner ɗin da ke jan hankalin ganga ya yi daidai da bayanin zane, dole ne a fara caji gangar da ke da ƙarfin ɗaukar hoto.
A halin yanzu akwai hanyoyi guda biyu na caji ga firintoci a kasuwa, ɗaya ita ce caji ta corona ɗayan kuma ita ce caji ta naɗi, waɗanda dukkansu suna da halaye nasu.
Cajin Corona hanya ce ta caji kai tsaye wadda ke amfani da substrate mai sarrafa hasken ganguna na photosensitive a matsayin electrode, kuma ana sanya waya mai siriri sosai kusa da ganga mai daukar haske kamar sauran electrode. Lokacin kwafi ko bugawa, ana amfani da babban ƙarfin lantarki a kan wayar, kuma sararin da ke kewaye da wayar yana samar da filin lantarki mai ƙarfi. A ƙarƙashin aikin filin lantarki, ions masu irin wannan polarity kamar waya ta corona suna kwarara zuwa saman ganga mai daukar haske. Tunda mai daukar haske a saman ganga mai daukar haske yana da juriya mai yawa a cikin duhu, cajin ba zai gudana ba, don haka ƙarfin saman ganga mai daukar haske zai ci gaba da tashi. Lokacin da ƙarfin ya tashi zuwa mafi girman ƙarfin karɓa, tsarin caji ya ƙare. Rashin kyawun wannan hanyar caji shine yana da sauƙin samar da radiation da ozone.
Cajin na'urar caji ta hanyar caji ce, wadda ba ta buƙatar ƙarfin caji mai yawa kuma tana da kyau ga muhalli. Saboda haka, yawancin firintocin laser suna amfani da na'urar caji ta hanyar caji don caji.
Bari mu ɗauki caji na'urar caji a matsayin misali don fahimtar dukkan tsarin aikin firintar laser.
Da farko, ɓangaren da'irar mai ƙarfin lantarki yana samar da babban ƙarfin lantarki, wanda ke cajin saman da'irar mai ƙarfin lantarki tare da wutar lantarki mara kyau iri ɗaya ta hanyar ɓangaren caji. Bayan da da'irar mai ƙarfin lantarki da na'urar caji suka juya tare don zagayowar ɗaya, dukkan saman da'irar mai ƙarfin lantarki za a caji shi da caji mara kyau iri ɗaya, kamar yadda aka nuna a Hoto na 2-14.
Siffa ta 2-14 Tsarin zane na caji
2>. fallasa
Ana yin fallasa a kusa da ganga mai saurin daukar hoto, wanda aka fallasa shi da hasken laser. Fuskar ganga mai saurin daukar hoto wani yanki ne mai saurin daukar hoto, Layer mai saurin daukar hoto yana rufe saman jagorar alloy na aluminum, kuma an yi amfani da na'urar sarrafa alloy na aluminum wajen yin hakan.
Layin da ke da ƙarfin ɗaukar hoto abu ne mai saurin ɗaukar hoto, wanda ake siffanta shi da kasancewa mai iya aiki da haske idan aka fallasa shi ga haske, da kuma rufewa kafin a fallasa shi. Kafin a fallasa shi, na'urar caji tana cajin caji iri ɗaya, kuma wurin da aka haskaka bayan an haskaka shi da laser zai zama mai jagora da kuma mai gudanarwa da sauri tare da mai gudanarwa na aluminum, don haka ana sakin cajin zuwa ƙasa don samar da yankin rubutu akan takardar bugawa. Wurin da laser bai haskaka ba har yanzu yana riƙe da cajin asali, yana samar da yanki mara komai akan takardar bugawa. Tunda wannan hoton hali ba a iya gani, ana kiransa hoton lantarki mai ɓoye.
Ana kuma sanya na'urar firikwensin sigina mai daidaitawa a cikin na'urar daukar hoto. Aikin wannan na'urar firikwensin shine tabbatar da cewa nisan da ke tsakanin na'urorin daukar hoto ya yi daidai ta yadda hasken laser da ke haskakawa a saman ganga mai saurin daukar hoto zai iya cimma mafi kyawun tasirin hoto.
Fitilar laser tana fitar da hasken laser mai bayanin halaye, wanda ke haskakawa akan prism mai haske mai siffofi da yawa, kuma prism mai haske yana nuna hasken laser zuwa saman ganga mai haske ta hanyar rukunin ruwan tabarau, ta haka yana duba ganga mai haske a kwance. Babban injin yana tura ganga mai haske don ci gaba da juyawa don yin nazarin ganga mai haske a tsaye ta hanyar fitilar fitar da laser. An nuna ƙa'idar fallasa a Hoto na 2-15.
Siffa ta 2-15. Zane-zanen tsari na fallasa
3>. ci gaba
Ci gaba shine tsarin amfani da ƙa'idar korar jinsi ɗaya da kuma jan hankalin wutar lantarki daga jinsi daban-daban don mayar da hoton electrostatic latent wanda ba a iya gani ga ido tsirara zuwa zane-zanen da ake iya gani. Akwai na'urar maganadisu a tsakiyar na'urar maganadisu (wanda kuma ake kira da na'urar maganadisu mai tasowa, ko na'urar maganadisu a takaice), kuma na'urar toner a cikin kwandon foda tana ɗauke da abubuwan maganadisu waɗanda maganadisu za su iya sha, don haka dole ne toner ya sami jan hankalin maganadisu da ke tsakiyar na'urar maganadisu mai tasowa.
Idan ganga mai saurin daukar hoto ta juya zuwa inda take hulɗa da na'urar maganadisu mai tasowa, ɓangaren saman ganga mai saurin daukar hoto wanda laser bai haskaka ba yana da daidaito iri ɗaya da toner, kuma ba zai sha toner ba; yayin da ɓangaren da laser ke haskakawa yana da daidaito iri ɗaya da toner. Akasin haka, bisa ga ƙa'idar hana jinsi ɗaya da jawo hankalin jinsi daban-daban, toner yana sha a saman ganga mai saurin daukar hoto inda ake haskaka laser, sannan a samar da zane-zanen toner da ake gani a saman, kamar yadda aka nuna a Hoto na 2-16.
Hoto na 2-16 Tsarin ƙa'idar ci gaba
4>. canja wurin bugu
Idan aka canja wurin toner ɗin zuwa kusa da takardar bugawa tare da ganga mai nuna haske, akwai na'urar canja wuri a bayan takardar don shafa matsin lamba mai yawa a bayan takardar. Saboda ƙarfin na'urar canja wurin ya fi ƙarfin yankin fallasa na ganga mai nuna haske, zane-zane, da rubutun da toner ya samar ana canja wurin su zuwa takardar bugawa a ƙarƙashin aikin filin lantarki na na'urar caji, kamar yadda aka nuna a Hoto na 2-17. Zane-zane da rubutu suna bayyana a saman takardar bugawa, kamar yadda aka nuna a Hoto na 2-18.
Hoto na 2-17 Tsarin zane na bugu na canja wuri (1)
Hoto na 2-18 Tsarin zane na bugu na canja wuri (2)
5>. Rage wutar lantarki
Idan aka canja wurin hoton toner zuwa takardar bugawa, toner ɗin yana rufe saman takardar ne kawai, kuma tsarin hoton da toner ɗin ya samar yana lalacewa cikin sauƙi yayin aiwatar da jigilar takardar bugawa. Don tabbatar da ingancin hoton toner kafin a gyara, bayan canja wurin, zai ratsa ta na'urar kawar da abubuwa marasa motsi. Aikinsa shine kawar da polarity, rage dukkan caji da kuma sanya takardar tsaka tsaki ta yadda takardar za ta iya shiga cikin na'urar gyarawa cikin sauƙi da kuma tabbatar da ingancin samfurin. An nuna ingancin samfurin a cikin Hoto na 2-19.
Siffa ta 2-19 Tsarin tsarin kawar da wutar lantarki
6>. gyarawa
Dumamawa da gyarawa tsari ne na shafa matsi da dumamawa ga hoton toner da aka lulluɓe a kan takardar bugawa don narke toner ɗin sannan a nutsar da shi cikin takardar bugawa don samar da hoto mai ƙarfi a saman takardar.
Babban sinadarin toner shine resin, wurin narkewar toner shine kusan 100.°C, kuma zafin na'urar dumama na'urar gyarawa yana kusan 180°C.
A lokacin aikin bugawa, lokacin da zafin fuser ɗin ya kai zafin da aka ƙayyade na kimanin 180°C lokacin da takardar da ke shan toner ta ratsa ta tsakanin abin naɗin dumama (wanda kuma aka sani da abin naɗin sama) da abin naɗin roba mai matsin lamba (wanda kuma aka sani da abin naɗin ƙasa mai matsin lamba, abin naɗin ƙasa), za a kammala tsarin haɗa toner ɗin. Zafin da aka samar mai zafi yana dumama toner ɗin, wanda ke narkar da toner ɗin da ke kan takardar, don haka yana samar da hoto da rubutu mai ƙarfi, kamar yadda aka nuna a Hoto na 2-20.
Siffa ta 2-20 Tsarin ƙa'ida na gyaran
Saboda saman na'urar dumama an lulluɓe ta da wani shafi wanda ba shi da sauƙin mannewa da toner, toner ɗin ba zai manne da saman na'urar dumama ba saboda yawan zafin jiki. Bayan an gyara, ana raba takardar bugawa daga na'urar dumama ta hanyar ƙusoshin rabawa sannan a aika ta daga firintar ta hanyar na'urar ciyar da takarda.
Tsarin tsaftacewa shine a goge toner ɗin da ke kan ganga mai saurin ɗaukar hoto wanda ba a canza shi daga saman takardar zuwa kwandon shara ba.
A lokacin canja wurin, ba za a iya mayar da hoton toner ɗin da ke kan ganga mai saurin ɗaukar hoto gaba ɗaya zuwa takardar ba. Idan ba a tsaftace shi ba, toner ɗin da ya rage a saman ganga mai saurin ɗaukar hoto za a kai shi zuwa zagayen bugawa na gaba, wanda hakan zai lalata sabon hoton da aka samar, ta haka yana shafar ingancin bugawa.
Ana yin aikin tsaftacewa ta hanyar na'urar goge roba, wacce aikinta shine tsaftace ganga mai saurin ɗaukar hoto kafin zagaye na gaba na buga ganga mai saurin ɗaukar hoto. Saboda ruwan na'urar goge robar yana da juriya ga lalacewa da sassauƙa, ruwan yana samar da kusurwar yankewa tare da saman ganga mai saurin ɗaukar hoto. Lokacin da ganga mai saurin ɗaukar hoto ta juya, toner ɗin da ke saman za a goge shi a cikin kwandon toner ta hanyar scraper, kamar yadda aka nuna a Hoto na 2-21 da aka nuna.
Siffa ta 2-21 Tsarin zane na tsaftacewa
Lokacin Saƙo: Fabrairu-20-2023